Vetdrugs 2.0Amoxicillin is an aminopenicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used for infections caused by susceptible bacteria. In dogs and cats, oral absorption is generally better than that of ampicillin, making it useful for suitable outpatient infections. Susceptibility varies substantially, especially among staphylococci and enteric gram-negative organisms.
Amoxicillin is also available in combinations with clavulanate or sulbactam. Those agents inhibit selected beta-lactamases and can extend activity, but the combinations do not overcome every resistance mechanism. When a regimen is expressed on an amoxicillin basis, the relevant amount is the amoxicillin content rather than the sum of all active ingredients.
Group
Aminopenicillin antibacterial
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin binds bacterial penicillin-binding proteins that catalyze cross-linking of peptidoglycan. Inhibition weakens the cell wall during active growth and division, leading to loss of structural integrity and bacterial death. Its antibacterial activity is time-dependent and relates to the duration for which concentrations remain above the organism’s minimum inhibitory concentration.
Beta-lactamases can hydrolyze the beta-lactam ring before amoxicillin reaches its target. Clavulanate and sulbactam inhibit susceptible enzymes and protect the amoxicillin component, restoring activity against some otherwise resistant strains. They do not reliably overcome altered penicillin-binding proteins, all extended-spectrum enzymes, or reduced drug access.
The organism and infection site therefore remain important even with a protected formulation. Improved oral exposure in small animals does not imply equally useful absorption in adult horses, and the presence of a beta-lactamase inhibitor does not establish universal broad-spectrum coverage.
Dose Rates
Dogs
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible bacterial infection | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Gram-positive susceptible infection | 10 mg/kg | PO, IM, SC | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Continue at least 2 days after clinical signs resolve. |
| Gram-negative susceptible infection | 20 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Requires susceptibility; many Enterobacteriaceae remain resistant. |
| Gram-negative susceptible infection | 20 mg/kg | IM, SC | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Urinary tract infection | 10–20 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; 5–7 days. |
| Bacteremia or sepsis | 22–30 mg/kg | IV, IM, SC | Every 8 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Use a route-compatible injectable formulation; trihydrate suspension must not be given IV. |
| Orthopedic bacterial infection | 22–30 mg/kg | IV, IM, SC, PO | Every 6–8 h | Up to 10 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; 7–10 days; oral route only in a stable patient. IV requires soluble sodium formulation. |
| Lyme disease | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 28 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; 21–28 days. |
| Urinary tract infection - frequent alternative | 11 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Recurrent gram-positive urinary infection prophylaxis | 20 mg/kg | PO | Every 24 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Only after a completed effective treatment course; give at bedtime after urination. Described for more than 2 recurrences in 6 months. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Susceptible bacterial infection | 12.5 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 30 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Amount is the sum of amoxicillin plus clavulanate; veterinary formulation ratio 4:1. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Skin infection - higher-dose alternative | 25 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount; higher dose described by dermatologists. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Susceptible infection - 13.75 mg/kg course | 13.75 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 30 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined amoxicillin plus clavulanate amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Gram-positive susceptible infection | 10 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Gram-negative susceptible infection | 20 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount; susceptibility is necessary. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Urinary tract infection | 12.5 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. 5–7 days; combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Urinary tract infection - frequent alternative | 12.5 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Skin or soft-tissue infection | 12.5 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 30 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Usually 5–7 days, sometimes extended to 21 days; this particular course must not exceed 30 days. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Deep pyoderma - extended historical course | 12.5 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 120 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Separate historical 14–120-day course; does not override the 30-day limit on the other product-label regimen. Reassess diagnosis and response. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Non-superficial pyoderma | 10–25 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Maximum 650 mg/dose; Up to 42 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. 3–6 weeks. If no response at 1 week, the described alternative increases frequency to every 8 hours; stop if no response at 2 weeks. Combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Recurrent pyoderma | 13.75–22 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Pyoderma - 22 mg/kg course | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Pyoderma - frequent 13.75 mg/kg course | 13.75 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Bacteremia - oral historical course | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount; oral absorption is unreliable during shock or severe sepsis. Use parenteral treatment while unstable. |
Cats
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible bacterial infection | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Susceptible bacterial infection - alternative dose | 12.5 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Gram-positive susceptible infection | 10 mg/kg | PO, IM, SC | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Continue at least 2 days after clinical signs resolve. |
| Gram-negative susceptible infection | 20 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Requires susceptibility; many Enterobacteriaceae remain resistant. |
| Gram-negative susceptible infection | 20 mg/kg | IM, SC | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Urinary or soft-tissue infection - daily fixed course | 50 mg/animal | PO | Every 24 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; 5–7 days; distinct from twice-daily regimens. |
| Urinary or soft-tissue infection - daily weight-based course | 11–22 mg/kg | PO | Every 24 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; 5–7 days. |
| Sepsis | 10–20 mg/kg | IV, SC | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Use an appropriate parenteral formulation. Continue according to response, including at least 2 days after signs resolve. |
| Sepsis - oral historical alternative | 10–20 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Oral alternative appears in a sepsis listing but conflicts with the warning against oral treatment during serious systemic illness; choose parenteral therapy while unstable. |
| Clostridium perfringens overgrowth | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 24 h | Up to 5 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Clostridium perfringens enterotoxicosis | 11–22 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Helicobacter infection - triple therapy | 20 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 14 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Combine with metronidazole 10–15 mg/kg PO every 12 hours and clarithromycin 7.5 mg/kg PO every 12 hours. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Susceptible bacterial infection | 62.5 mg/animal | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 30 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined amount per cat. The accompanying mg/kg equivalence assumes a particular body weight and is not a universal conversion. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Gram-positive susceptible infection | 10 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Gram-negative susceptible infection | 20 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount; susceptibility is necessary. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Urinary tract infection | 62.5 mg/animal | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 30 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. 10–30 days; combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Skin or soft-tissue infection | 62.5 mg/animal | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. 5–7 days; combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Skin or soft-tissue infection - weight-based course | 10–20 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 7 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. 5–7 days; combined-ingredient amount. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Pneumonia or sepsis - oral historical course | 10–20 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Up to 10 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. 7–10 days; combined amount. Do not rely on oral absorption in shock or grave systemic illness. |
Cattle
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonruminating calf infection | 10–22 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Nonruminating calves only. |
| Oral large-animal regimen - discouraged | 6.6–22 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Suspension regimen is listed but oral absorption is poor; not recommended in adults. Foal absorption is higher. |
| Susceptible infection - injectable daily course | 6–10 mg/kg | SC, IM | Every 24 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Respiratory bacterial infection | 11 mg/kg | IM, SC | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Calf infection - trihydrate oral alternative | 7 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Calves; oral trihydrate formulation. |
Horses
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral large-animal regimen - discouraged | 6.6–22 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Suspension regimen is listed but oral absorption is poor; not recommended in adults. Foal absorption is higher. |
| Foal infection - soluble sodium injection | 15–30 mg/kg | IV, IM | Every 6–8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Foals; amoxicillin sodium only for the IV route. |
| Foal infection - trihydrate suspension | 25–40 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Foals; oral suspension. |
| Respiratory infection - oral historical course | 20–30 mg/kg | PO | Every 6 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Adult equine oral absorption is poor and the other clinical guidance discourages this route; retain as a historical alternative, not a preferred course. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Foal infection - IV combination | 15–25 mg/kg | IV | Every 6–8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Foal IV combination course is described without an explicit component/combined dose basis or compatible injectable ratio; do not link to an oral product. |
Ferret
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helicobacter gastritis - triple therapy | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 8 h | Up to 28 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; 3–4 weeks with metronidazole 22 mg/kg and bismuth subsalicylate 17.6 mg/kg, each PO every 8 hours. |
| Helicobacter gastritis - alternative triple therapy | 20 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Up to 21 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; With metronidazole 20 mg/kg PO every 12 hours and bismuth subsalicylate 17.5 mg/kg PO every 8 hours. Sucralfate 25 mg/kg every 8 hours and famotidine 0.5 mg/kg daily are adjuncts; maintain fluids and assisted feeding. |
| Susceptible bacterial infection | 10–35 mg/kg | PO, SC | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Susceptible bacterial infection | 10–20 mg/kg | PO | Every 8–12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
Hedgehog
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible bacterial infection | 15 mg/kg | IM, PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
Bird
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infection - concentrated oral course | 125 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; A deliberately prepared 125 mg/mL oral solution is described; do not assume standard suspension has this concentration. |
| Susceptible infection - frequent course | 100 mg/kg | IM, SC, PO | Every 8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Susceptible bacterial infection | 50–100 mg/kg | PO | Every 6–8 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
Ratite
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible bacterial infection | 15–22 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity |
| Susceptible infection - drinking water | Reference only | PO | Up to 5 days; Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; 250 mg per gallon drinking water for 3–5 days; exposure depends on water consumption. | |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate — Susceptible bacterial infection | 10–15 mg/kg | PO | Every 12 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination-specific regimen; do not apply this amount to plain amoxicillin. Combined-ingredient amount. |
Reptile
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible bacterial infection | 22 mg/kg | PO | Every 12–24 h | Do not use in: Severe penicillin hypersensitivity; Often used with an aminoglycoside; single-agent usefulness is limited. |
Indications
- Amoxicillin alone for susceptible lower urinary tract, skin, soft-tissue and respiratory infections.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate for susceptible wound, skin, soft-tissue, urinary and respiratory infections where beta-lactamase inhibition extends activity.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate for susceptible infections involving beta-lactamase-producing, non-methicillin-resistant staphylococci.
- Amoxicillin/sulbactam for mastitis and other susceptible bacterial infections where the formulation and species-specific evidence support use.
Contraindications
- Penicillin hypersensitivity requires caution.
- Oral use is poorly absorbed and not recommended in adult horses or cattle.
- Documented severe penicillin hypersensitivity; cross-reactivity with other beta-lactams is possible.
- Avoid oral systemic treatment during shock or severe sepsis because gastrointestinal absorption may fail.
- Rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas and hamsters are at risk of severe antibiotic-associated enterocolitis.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Penicillin hypersensitivity requires caution.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Oral dosing in horses and ruminants can cause diarrhea and is not recommended by this regimen.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Documented severe penicillin hypersensitivity; cross-reactivity with other beta-lactams is possible.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Avoid oral systemic treatment during shock or severe sepsis because gastrointestinal absorption may fail.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas and hamsters are at risk of severe antibiotic-associated enterocolitis.
- Amoxicillin/sulbactam: Penicillin hypersensitivity requires caution.
Interactions
- Do not combine with other drugs in compounded mixtures without compatibility support.
- Probenecid can reduce renal tubular secretion and prolong exposure.
- Bacteriostatic-antibiotic antagonism is demonstrated in vitro, but its clinical significance is uncertain.
- Methotrexate elimination may decrease with aminopenicillins, increasing toxicity.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Probenecid can reduce renal tubular secretion and prolong exposure.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Bacteriostatic-antibiotic antagonism is demonstrated in vitro, but its clinical significance is uncertain.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Methotrexate elimination may decrease with aminopenicillins, increasing toxicity.
Adverse effects
- Allergic reactions.
- Vomiting and diarrhea; oral use in horses or cattle may cause enteritis.
- Rare severe allergy, cytopenias or neurotoxicity with very high or prolonged exposure.
- Altered intestinal flora can cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea or superinfection.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Allergy, diarrhea and vomiting.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Higher clavulanate exposure can increase vomiting.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Rare severe allergy, cytopenias or neurotoxicity with very high or prolonged exposure.
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Altered intestinal flora can cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea or superinfection.
Preparations
| Preparation | Form | Strength | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amoxicillin 50 mg tablet | Tablet | 50 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin 100 mg tablet | Tablet | 100 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin 150 mg tablet | Tablet | 150 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin 200 mg tablet | Tablet | 200 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin 400 mg tablet | Tablet | 400 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin 500 mg tablet | Tablet | 500 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin 875 mg tablet | Tablet | 875 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin 250 mg capsule | Capsule | 250 mg / capsule | PO |
| Amoxicillin 500 mg capsule | Capsule | 500 mg / capsule | PO |
| Amoxicillin oral suspension 50 mg/mL | Oral Liquid | 50 mg / mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin chewable 125 mg tablet | Tablet | 125 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin chewable 200 mg tablet | Tablet | 200 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin chewable 250 mg tablet | Tablet | 250 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin chewable 400 mg tablet | Tablet | 400 mg / tablet | PO |
| Intamox-O 1.5 g tablet Single-active amoxicillin tablet; distinguish from similarly named amoxicillin/cloxacillin injection. | Tablet | 1500 mg / tablet | PO |
| Erox amoxicillin 125 mg per 5 mL oral liquid | Oral Liquid | 125 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin 200 mg per 5 mL oral suspension | Oral Liquid | 200 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin 250 mg per 5 mL oral suspension | Oral Liquid | 250 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin 400 mg per 5 mL oral suspension | Oral Liquid | 400 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 62.5 mg veterinary tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combined strength; 4:1 active-ingredient ratio. | Tablet | amoxicillin 50 mg / tablet + clavulanate 12.5 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 125 mg veterinary tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combined strength; 4:1 active-ingredient ratio. | Tablet | amoxicillin 100 mg / tablet + clavulanate 25 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 250 mg veterinary tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combined strength; 4:1 active-ingredient ratio. | Tablet | amoxicillin 200 mg / tablet + clavulanate 50 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 375 mg veterinary tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combined strength; 4:1 active-ingredient ratio. | Tablet | amoxicillin 300 mg / tablet + clavulanate 75 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 62.5 mg/mL suspension Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Oral Liquid | amoxicillin 50 mg / mL + clavulanate 12.5 mg / mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 250/125 mg tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Tablet | amoxicillin 250 mg / tablet + clavulanate 125 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 500/125 mg tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Tablet | amoxicillin 500 mg / tablet + clavulanate 125 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 875/125 mg tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Tablet | amoxicillin 875 mg / tablet + clavulanate 125 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 125/31.25 mg per 5 mL Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Oral Liquid | amoxicillin 125 mg / 5 mL + clavulanate 31.25 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 125/31.25 mg chewable tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Tablet | amoxicillin 125 mg / tablet + clavulanate 31.25 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 200/28.5 mg per 5 mL Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Oral Liquid | amoxicillin 200 mg / 5 mL + clavulanate 28.5 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 200/28.5 mg chewable tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Tablet | amoxicillin 200 mg / tablet + clavulanate 28.5 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 250/62.5 mg per 5 mL Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Oral Liquid | amoxicillin 250 mg / 5 mL + clavulanate 62.5 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 250/62.5 mg chewable tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Tablet | amoxicillin 250 mg / tablet + clavulanate 62.5 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 400/57 mg per 5 mL Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Oral Liquid | amoxicillin 400 mg / 5 mL + clavulanate 57 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 400/57 mg chewable tablet Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Tablet | amoxicillin 400 mg / tablet + clavulanate 57 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate 600/42.9 mg per 5 mL Amoxicillin/clavulanate: | Oral Liquid | amoxicillin 600 mg / 5 mL + clavulanate 42.9 mg / 5 mL | PO |
| Toxo-Mox 250 mg tablet (200 mg amoxicillin + 50 mg clavulanate) Sava Vet Calculation basis: amoxicillin component only. Use the selected amoxicillin regimen; The divisor is the amoxicillin content rather than the combined product strength. The other active ingredient remains in the administered preparation. Manufacturer-listed tablet strengths are combined totals: the amoxicillin contents are 200 mg or 400 mg respectively. Decimal tablet equivalents do not override an explicit product no-split instruction. | Tablet | amoxicillin 200 mg / tablet + clavulanate 50 mg / tablet | PO |
| Toxo-Mox 500 mg tablet (400 mg amoxicillin + 100 mg clavulanate) Sava Vet Calculation basis: amoxicillin component only. Use the selected amoxicillin regimen; The divisor is the amoxicillin content rather than the combined product strength. The other active ingredient remains in the administered preparation. Manufacturer-listed tablet strengths are combined totals: the amoxicillin contents are 200 mg or 400 mg respectively. Decimal tablet equivalents do not override an explicit product no-split instruction. | Tablet | amoxicillin 400 mg / tablet + clavulanate 100 mg / tablet | PO |
| Amoxirum Forte 4.5 g vial (3000 mg amoxicillin + 1500 mg sulbactam) Virbac Calculation basis: amoxicillin component only. Use the selected amoxicillin regimen; The divisor is the amoxicillin content rather than the combined product strength. The other active ingredient remains in the administered preparation. Quantities are vial equivalents, not mL. Final reconstituted concentration has not been verified, so mL conversion is not available. Follow the exact pack instructions for diluent, final volume and administration. | Injection | amoxicillin 3000 mg / vial + sulbactam 1500 mg / vial | IM, IV |
Monitoring and Administration
Use culture and susceptibility results where appropriate; most Enterobacteriaceae are unsuitable targets except selected uncomplicated lower urinary infections.
Store dry formulations protected from moisture in a sealed container. Oral suspensions described here have 14-day stability; optimum solution pH is 5.8–6.5.
Susceptibility criteria use ampicillin testing as the surrogate: MIC ≤0.25 mcg/mL for the listed staphylococcal, streptococcal, gram-negative, bovine and equine respiratory isolates. For uncomplicated lower urinary infection, the listed canine threshold is ≤8 mcg/mL and may also apply to cats. Most Enterobacteriaceae test resistant at the lower threshold.
Amoxicillin trihydrate injectable strengths of 100 and 250 mg/mL are described, but their route and active-equivalent basis are not explicit enough to define a compatible preparation.
Monitor response and gastrointestinal tolerance. Copper-reduction urine-glucose tests may be falsely positive; glucose-oxidase methods are unaffected. Beta-lactams can lower measured aminoglycoside concentrations in stored samples; freeze samples if analysis is delayed.
Amoxicillin can be given with food if gastrointestinal upset occurs. Oral suspensions are generally discarded after 14 days; refrigeration is preferred. Amoxi-Mast supplies 62.5 mg per 10 mL intramammary syringe, but no intramammary treatment schedule is established in these excerpts.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Dose basis is important: veterinary formulations use a 4:1 amoxicillin:clavulanate ratio, while human products vary. A combined-ingredient dose must not be converted using one ingredient alone.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Use susceptibility results; many Enterobacteriaceae remain clinically resistant outside uncomplicated lower urinary infection.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Protect from moisture and light; keep below 24°C. Reconstituted oral products described here remain stable for 10 days. Acidic compounded liquids may rapidly lose clavulanate potency.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Combination preparation conversion requires explicit dose-component and ratio support; do not treat the combined preparation as a single ingredient.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate: The paired amoxicillin/clavulanate MIC criterion is ≤0.25/0.12 mcg/mL for the listed organisms; uncomplicated lower urinary infection uses ≤8/4 mcg/mL in dogs and may apply to cats. The two numbers identify different ingredients.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate: Monitor response and gastrointestinal tolerance. Copper-reduction urine-glucose tests may be falsely positive; glucose-oxidase methods are unaffected. Beta-lactams can lower measured aminoglycoside concentrations in stored samples; freeze samples if analysis is delayed.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate: The 4:1 veterinary oral suspension described here is reconstituted with 14 mL water to the specified bottle, then refrigerated and discarded after 10 days; room-temperature stability is only 48 hours. This bottle-specific water addition must not be applied to other pack sizes.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate regimens are listed separately within this monograph. Their stated ingredient or combined-dose basis and formulation ratio must be retained; they are not interchangeable with the plain antibiotic regimen.
Amoxicillin/sulbactam: The injectable product contains 3000 mg amoxicillin plus 1500 mg sulbactam as active equivalents from their sodium salts, in a 4.5 g vial. Final reconstitution concentration is not established.
Amoxicillin/sulbactam: No complete species-specific dosing schedule is established for this entry. Do not substitute an ampicillin/sulbactam regimen or treat a combined-product amount as amoxicillin alone.
Amoxicillin/sulbactam regimens are listed separately within this monograph. Their stated ingredient or combined-dose basis and formulation ratio must be retained; they are not interchangeable with the plain antibiotic regimen.
Combination-dose interpretation: if a regimen specifies the amoxicillin component, calculate quantity using only the amoxicillin content of the selected preparation. A tablet containing 200 mg amoxicillin plus 50 mg clavulanate has a mathematical equivalent of half a tablet for 100 mg amoxicillin, also delivering 25 mg clavulanate. This calculation does not override an explicit whole-tablet product instruction.
Some amoxicillin/clavulanate regimens in this monograph are expressed as the combined amount. Retain that basis; do not silently reinterpret a combined mg/kg value as amoxicillin-only mg/kg. The formulation ratio and the co-delivered inhibitor amount remain clinically relevant even when one ingredient determines the calculated quantity.