Oxyclozanide

Oxyclozanide is a salicylanilide flukicide used principally for adult liver-fluke infections in ruminants. Its major clinical role is chronic fasciolosis, particularly where adult parasites occupy the bile ducts. It also has applications against selected rumen flukes, with efficacy dependent on parasite species, stage and regimen.

Group

Salicylanilide flukicide

Mechanism of Action

Oxyclozanide transports protons across mitochondrial membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. Loss of the normal proton gradient reduces ATP generation despite ongoing respiratory-chain activity. Energy depletion disrupts parasite metabolism and survival. Its clinically useful spectrum is concentrated in susceptible trematodes, and stage-dependent exposure contributes to differences in flukicidal response.

Dose Rates

Cattle

Use / stage	Dose	Route	Schedule	Instructions
Fasciolosis	15–20 mg/kg	PO	Once	Regimen retained from livestock treatment guidance; formulation-specific maximum amounts may differ.

Sheep

Use / stage	Dose	Route	Schedule	Instructions
Rumen-fluke infection	15 mg/kg	PO	Once	Single-dose regimen evaluated in naturally infected sheep; assess response.

Indications

Treatment of chronic fasciolosis caused by susceptible adult Fasciola species in cattle and sheep.
Treatment of selected rumen-fluke infections or clinical paramphistomosis in ruminants using a regimen supported for the parasite and developmental stage.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity; use carefully in dehydrated or severely ill animals.

Interactions

Combination products containing levamisole require the full combination directions.

Adverse effects

Diarrhoea, reduced appetite and transient reduction in milk yield.

Toxicity

Excessive doses can cause severe diarrhoea, depression and weight loss; provide fluid/electrolyte support.

Preparations

Preparation	Form	Strength	Route
Neozide suspension 3.4%	Oral Liquid	34 mg / mL	PO
Neozide bolus 1 g	Tablet	1000 mg / tablet	PO

Monitoring and Administration

Shake suspension and use calibrated drenching equipment. Confirm parasite stage and local susceptibility.

Adult-fluke treatment must not be assumed effective against early immature liver flukes.