disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD)

Polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) inhibits the action of enzyme that destroy degenerative / traumatic cartilage 

Stimulate collagen production

• Non infectious degenerative / traumatic arthritis of canine synovial joints
• Restore joint lubrication 
• Relive inflammation and renew the foundation of healthy cartilage 

• 2mg/lb bwt
• Twice weekly upto 4 weeks
• Maximum 8 injection (IM)

Kidney impairment

Bleeding abnormality

Delayed blood clotting

Pain at site of injection

Adequan canine

• 5 ml vial
• Each ml contains 100mg

Adsorbent

Due to its physical properties it adsorb and bind to non adsorbs poison in GI tract

Poisoning cases

1-2.5 g/ kg bwt in a slurry in which 1 g of charcoal suspended in 5 ml of water

• Polar ionized molecules
• Caustics
• corrosives
• Mineral acid

• Rapid administration cause vomiting
• Stain feces - Black
• With dairy product, mineral oil - efficiency reduced

Liq KOL (PRAKASH MEDICOSE) - 500 ml bottle

Liq toxera 500 ml

• Polypetide tropic hormone

• Check adrenal gland potency
• Stimulate the ACTH specific G Protein receptors
• Produce glucocorticoids primarily hydrocortisone

• To test hypo and hyper adrenocortism in cats and dogs
• Primary bovine ketosis
• In horse, cushing disease and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID)

ACTH stimulation test

• Predose cortisol level
• Followed by 1 Unit/kg IM of ACTH between 8 and 10AM
• Check again cortisol at 2 and 4 hours post dose
• Normal adrenal gland - 2-3 folds increase in plasma cortisol

Pregnant mare - Embryocidal

• Hypokalemia
• Increased blood sugar level
• Increased appetite
• Weight gain

Inj NexGen ACTH

• 10 ml vial
• Each ml contains 80 IU

• Mucolytic expectorant
• Antidote for paracetamol toxicity

Sulfhydryl group of acetylcysteine breaks the disulfide bond in glycoproteins in exudates 

Enhance availability of endogenous glutathione thereby detoxify paracetamol

Reduce both purulent and non purulent secretions

• Paracetamol toxicity
• Respiratory disease 
• Thick mucus secretion

In paracetamol toxicity-

• Initial dose @ 150 mg/kg PO / IV as 5% solution
• Loading dose @ 70 mg/kg PO every 6 hrs (6-7 treatment)

Hepatic encephalopathy

• Hypersensitivity in asthma patient
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Rarely Urticaria

Inj Mucyst (NEON)

• 2m and 5ml ampoule
• Each ml contain 200 mg

Tab Mucinac (CIPLA)

• 600 mg

vasodilator, Antihypertensive

ACE inhibitor

Hypertension, Congestive heart failure, Dilated cardiomyopathy

Dogs

0.25-0.5 mg/Kg PO once daily

Cats

0.5-1mg / Kg PO daily

Hypotension, Pregnant, Lactating animals

Hypotension

Hyperkalemia

Renal dysfuction

Rashes

Utricaria

anorexia

Vomiting

Azotemia

Tab Lotensin (VELIDUS) - 10mg

Tab Benzil - 5 (SOALARIUM PHARMACEUTICALS) -5mg 

Bampril 5

Benace 10

Antibiotic

Folic acid synthesis inhibitor

Potentiate sulphonamides (Trimethoprim + sulpha meethoxazole)

Upper and Lower respiratory tract

Renal and Urinary tract infection

GI tract infections, Skin & wound infections Septicemia

Dogs and cats @ 30mg/kg PO or IV  2 times daily

Cattle @ 25-50mg/Kg IV or IM once daily

Sheep & goats 25-30mg/Kg IM or PO 2 times daily

Hyperssenstivity, Renal sufficiency, Hepatopathy, Blood dyscariasis

Increase GI & hemolytic effects

Chances of skin toxicity

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, hepatitis, vomiting , Diarrhoea, anorexia, fever Anaphylaxis, Serum sickness

CNS toxicity, Depression, confusion Folate deficiency

Inj Intertrim (INTER CHIMIE)

• 100 ml vial
• Each ml contains sulfamethoxazole 2oomg and Trimethoprim 40 mg

Purgative / laxative

Direct irritant

Inhibit glucose & Na+ K+ ATPase activity as well as direct stimulation of the colonic smooth muscles & myentric plexus

Stimulate bowel movement in animals with Constipation 

Dogs @ 5-20mg (Total) PO once daily

Cats @ 5mg (Total dose) PO once daily

Dogs and cats @ 1-2ml of enema (bisacodyl enema 10mg/ml)

1-2 suppositories (5mg rectal suppositories)

Not to be used in impaction or obstruction lesions potentially decrease GI transit time thereby affecting absorption of other oral drugs

occasional cramping, nausea, diarrhoea, Potential fluid and electrolyte imbalance, Inflammatory response in colon.

Allergic reactions , osteomalacia, Protein losing enteropathy

DULCOLAX

• 5 mg tab
• 5 mg, 10 mg rectal suppositories
• 10mg/30 ml enema bottles

Local Anesthetic

Amide group- Block Na+ channel

Infiltration, nerve block, spinal or epidural anesthesia

Reduce pain

By epidural injection

Dogs @ 1ml/5kg BW of 0.5% solution

By Perineal injection

Horses & cattle @ 1-2ml/ site of 0.5% solution

Ventricular tachycardia

Cardiac depression

Nervous signs such as tremors and convulsions

Anawin 0.5% 

Bupiwell 0.5% 

B-cane

Zupivac

Opoid analgesic

Partial agonist at mu opoid receptor

Full agonist at ORC 1 - nociception and opoid receptor

Competitive antagonist at K opoid receptor

Analgesia

CNS depression, sedation, Emetic centre

Cough centre - Antitussive

Respiratory depressant - Both Stimulant and depressant action on spinal cord

neuroendocrine function

For analgesic

Dogs @ 0.01 -0.04 mg/kg IM, SC, IV repeated in 4-8 hrs interval

Cats@ 0.005 -0.01 mg/Kg IM, SC, IV  repeated 4-8 hrs intervals

0.01-0.02 mg/kg PO Transmucosal (buccal and sublingual) 2-4 times daily

Horses @ 0.005 - 0.02 mg/Kg IM, SC,IV

Pigs @ 0.005 - 0.02mg/kg IM, SC, IV 2-4 times daily

Sheep & Goat - 0.005 -0.1 mg/kg IM 4-6 times daily

Primates 0.005 -0.01 mg/Kg IM, SC, IV repeated in 4-8hrs interval

For sedation

Dogs - 0.01mg/Kg IM may be repeated after 12 hours 

Cats @0.005-0.01mg/kg SC or IM

For Neurolept analgesia

Dogs & cats @ 0.01mg/kg IM in combination with acepromazine (0.03mg/kg)

Not used in impaired respiratory function

Additive effect

INJ BUPREVET

• 10 ml vial
• 0.3 mg/ml

INJ BUPRELIEVE

• 10 ml vial
• 0.3 mg/ml