Ectoparasiticides

Closure of ion gates of Na+ channels during sepolarisation - Nerve cell blocking 

Antiparasitic against external parasites, Maggot infestation, Follicular mange, (almost banned nowdays) 

NA

Uncontrollable seizure patients

Skin rash, burning, itching, irritation of skin, numbness of skin, dizziness

Lorexane cream (VIRBAC) - 30g, 100g

Lorexane spray (VIRBAC) -  25l and 50 ml

D’mag spray (INTAS) - 50 mL and 100 mL spray

Loraxane spray 25mL and 50mL

Ectoparasitic

Broad spectrum, contact non systemic insecticide, propoxous belongs to the carbamate group of insecticides,  

Act by reversible inhibition of  enzyme AchE, after which there will be initial increase in muscular contractions as followed by paralysis and death

Antiparasitic drug, used  on pets and livestock against external parasites, lice, fleas, ticks, mites, flies, maggots etc. Not effective against internal parasites, used mainly in dogs less in livestocks

Shampoos, soaps, powders etc. 

Contraindications in animals suffering from digestive ( mechanical, intestinal, urinary obstruction), respiratory (bronchial asthma), or cardiovascular disturbances, do not dust in eyes or nose, should not be given to pregnant animal in  last trimester

Nausea, diarrhoea, muscle twitching

Powder

Bolfo, Big boss, Cisa Tix(100 g), Tick free, Proxurr, Petcare notix, Bayer negasunt

Shampoo

Notix Propoxur

Ectoparasiticide

• Broad spectrum
• Non systemic ectoparasiticide
• Insecticide
• Acaricide
• Larvicide

Against tick,fleas,mites,lice,flies

• Sheep/Goat/cattle/dog-spray -12.5-50ppm,pouron-0.75-2mg/kg

Toxic in Cats

• Dizziness
• Headache
• Blurred vision

Tinix Vet solution- 15ml and 50ml

Lysetik liquid - 5ml, 15ml, 50ml

Karimnil Vet solution- 15ml and 50ml

Deltoid Liq - 15ml and 50ml

Butox liquid-5ml,15ml,50ml,250ml (12.5mg/ml)

Ectoparasiticides

Inhibit enzyme acetyl cholinesterase leading to spastic paralysis of the parasites

Tick

lice

flea

ked

Cattle @ 1-4mg/kg

equine @ 1-4mg/kg

dog @ 400-1000ppm (mg/L)

sheep @ 1-4mg/kg

Animal suffering from digestive, respiratory and cardiovascular disturbances.

Pregnant dams

unweaned fillies

Must not be administer with AChE inhibitors.

Fleetik - Powder 120gm and liquid 100 ml

Notix - Talc 100gm, liquid 15g and 150gm, Talc 120gm

Ectoparasiticides

Toxic effect on nervous system of parasites resulting its death

Insect repellants

Medication for scabies and lice

For Cats

Benzyl Benzoate lotion 25%

Ectoparasiticides

Agonist of parasite octapamine receptor 

Canine demodicosis

Trichodectus canis

prevention of flea and ticks

Once/week

Demodicosis - 0.05% sol (4ml in 1 L)

Sarcoptic ascariasis - 0.025% sol (2ml in 1 L)

Rabbit

Puupy (less then 3 months of age)

Cutaneous absorption is common that leads to hypoglycaemia. So, always wear gloves during application 

Liq virtraz (VIRBAC )- 6ml, 15ml, 50ml and 500 ml bottle ( 12.5%)

pour on solution poron plus (ALEMBIC) - 30 ml (1% w/v Amitraz + 1% w/v Cypermethrin + 5% w/v piperonyl butoxide)

RIDD (12.5%)

Diptraz 

Hormones (Oxytocin preparation)

• Binds to specific oxytocin receptor present in myometrium and mammary glands of animal.
• It stimulate Frequency and forces of uterine myometrial contraction. 
• Having uterotonic activity and supports ejection of milk
• Stimulates releasing of prostaglandins E2 by amnion cells, which play role in initiating of delivery
• Stimulates secretion of prostaglandins PGF2α by endometrial cells, which produce luteolysis in non-pregnant animal
• PGF2α influences the contractility of myometrium

• 1. To stimulate uterine contractions for facilitating parturition in animals
  2. To accelerate involution of uterus in post - partum animals
  3. To use as an adjunct therapy in Retained Fetal Membranes ( RFM )
  4. To control and stop post - partum hemorrhages
  5. To expel the pathological content of uterus in Endo metritis and Pyometra
  6. To promote milk letdown in case of Agalactia
  7. To remove residual milk and toxic material from the udder after parturition and during the treatment of infectious mastitis in animals .

BOVINE @

• Uterine inertia, uterine involution, Milk let-down, and mastitis @ 20-40 IU as IM / SC and 2.5-10 IU as IV route

EQUINE @

• Uterine Inertia @ 20-40 IU as IM / SC and 2.5-10 IU as IV route
• RFM @ 10-20 IU as IM / SC
• Milk Let-down and Uterus involution @ 40 IU as IM / SC and 10 IU as IV

OVINE & CAPRINE @

• Uterine inertia @ 10 IU as IM / SC and 0.5-2.5 IU as IV
• Milk let down and uterus involution @ 10-20 IU as IM / SC and 0.5-2.5 IU as IV

CANINE @

• Uterine inertia, uterine involution, Milk let-down, and RFM @ 2-20 IU as IM / SC and 0.5 IU as IV route

FELINE @

• Uterine inertia, uterine involution, Milk let-down, and RFM @ 2-20 IU as IM / SC and 0.5 IU as IV route

Rabbit @ 0.1-0.3 IU/kg  SC / IM

• Complicated deliveries ( too big foetus , foetus abnormal position , torsio ute
  ri etc. )
• Insufficient release of cervix in case of Pyometra
• Uterine muscle hypertension
• Inappropriate used, oxytocin can cause uterine rupture or pain from excessive cramping. 
• Abdominal fetal position
• Uterine prolapse
• Cervical cancer

• Hyper contractions
• Uterine spasms or rupture in case of overdose

Inj. Pitocin

• 0. 5 ml ampoule
• Each ml contains 10 IU

Inj. Oxytocin Bio

•  50 ml vial
• Each ml contains 5 IU

Inj. Oxytocin-S

• 25 ml vial
• Each ml contains 10 IU or
• Each ml contains 0.18 mg

Ergot alkaloids

Increase the uterine contraction by decreasing the relaxation periods of uterine muscles

Increase the hemostasis 

For treatment of postpartum hemorrhage and post abortion hemorrhage is patient with uterine atony 

Cow and mares :- 2-5 mg/ animal

Ewe, goat, sow :- 0.5 to 1 mg/animal

Bitch and queen :- 0 . 2-0.4 mg/10 kg body weight

• Convulsions and gangrene

• Cause brody cardia and confurion diarrhoea, dizziness, dyspnoea, drowsiness, fast and weak pulse, miosis, loss of coagulation, vomition etc 

Diuretic

Increase uretheral outflow resistance and has some vasoconstrictive effects

For treating inconsistent secondary to urinary spinchter incompetence, also useful in nasal congestion management

Dog / cat- 0.5 mg/ kg B. Wt Or 1-2 mg / kg P/O q 12 h Or 1-1.5 mg/ kg P/O B/D Or T/D

Rabbit-5-10 mg / kg B. Wt

NA

Vomiting, diarrhoea, anorexia

PROIN tab. ( chewable), propalin 30 mL ( 50 mg/ mL) ,Ambrol -GPC syrup

Osmotic diuretics 

Increase the osmotic pressure,that prevents water reabsorption at the tubules 

1. Acute oliguric renal failure.              

2.Reduce introcular and intracerebral pressure

3. Reduce edema or ascites 

Cattle ,sheep,goat,swine - 1-3mg/kg IV 

horse - 0.25-2 mg/kg IV 

Dog and cat - 1-2 mg/kg IV 

Should not mix with whole blood

 Should not use in case of intracranial hemorrhage , severe haemorrhage severe CHF pulmonary edema anuric renal failure

Thrombophlebitis,skin necrosis

20% mannitol injection= 100ml,250ml,350ml